Kamis, 13 Agustus 2020

A-level results: 'My future has been set back completely' - BBC News

For students across England, Northern Ireland and Wales the wait is finally over for A-level and vocational qualification results. But with exams cancelled because of the coronavirus pandemic, many have seen their teacher-predicted grades lowered, leading to disappointment and confusion.

"My future has been set back completely," says Abbi Fitzgerald.

The student at Wilberforce Sixth Form College in Hull got a Distinction* in her engineering BTec - the highest grade possible - but for her A-levels she got Ds in maths and art and an E in physics, after the results predicted by her teachers were downgraded.

"When I opened them I had a bit of a cry," she tells the BBC.

This year, schools submitted predicted grades to exam boards and ranked pupils based on who they thought would do best.

The exam boards then took into account data from previous years to adjust the marks, with the aim of ensuring consistency.

But headteachers have spoken of "volatility" in the results, with some saying lowered grades seem to be unfair.

For Abbi, this means she misses out on a place at Durham University to study engineering, and she says she is now considering sitting her exams later in the year or finding a place at another university through clearing.

"I had my heart set on Durham and it's now not an option for clearing because there's no clearing for my course," she adds.

Abbi says the grading system seems "unfair".

Vocational qualifications like BTecs often have continuous assessments throughout the course, but many A-level subjects rely primarily on exams at the end of the year, making it harder to predict grades.

"It goes to show that the ones I was supposed to do exams in that I didn't get to, I got awful grades, I got downgraded," she says.

"And the one that reflects all the work I've done over the past two years, I got the highest grade that I could possibly get."

She says she is angry her results have been affected by something out of her control, adding: "I would have happily sat the exams but it was up to the government."

Media playback is unsupported on your device

For Maimuna Hassan, from Acton in west London, her results also came as a "complete shock".

After being predicted A*A*A by her teachers, she was only awarded A*AB, meaning she missed her university offers to study engineering at Cambridge and Imperial College London.

Maimuna believes her results were downgraded because of the historically lower grades at her comprehensive school in Chiswick, which has twice been rated as "requires improvement" by Ofsted inspectors.

"They didn't take individual circumstances into account," she adds.

Born in Switzerland and the eldest child of Somali immigrants, English is her third language and Maimuna says she had to work harder than most to achieve top grades throughout her school career.

She now feels "let down" by the system and says she has little faith in the appeals process which could allow her mock results of A*A*A to be used instead.

On Wednesday, the Department for Education announced that for pupils in England, if their results day grades are lower than their mock exams they can appeal - but this will have to be through their school, with the terms for approving appeals to be decided by regulator Ofqual.

They also have the option of taking a written exam in the autumn, giving them the chance to secure a higher grade.

But with just two months to prepare Maimuna worries she would not fulfil her potential.

"I'm going to start revising tomorrow just in case," she adds.

Toby Newton, from Hillingdon in west London, was on track to achieve his dream of studying medicine, with predicted grades of A*A*A.

However, his plans have been put on hold after he was only awarded BBC.

"It was incredibly disheartening," he says, adding that many of his school friends are in a similar situation.

"I feel like the government have let us down and I'm hoping they'll reconsider the points and how they are being rewarded."

Toby now plans to appeal to see if his mock results of ABB can be used instead and is looking at the option of studying at a European university.

"I've always wanted to be a doctor and I still want to be a doctor, so it hasn't put me off," he says.

Media playback is unsupported on your device

Not everyone is disappointed, though.

Overall results across England, Northern Ireland and Wales show record highs for A* and A grades at A-level.

Caitlyn Foley, a student at Merthyr College in south Wales, says she is "very pleased" after being awarded an A* and three As.

"It's been a bit weird having to deal with all the changes so last minute," she says.

"I was nervous, just because I knew I worked hard all throughout the year, and I was disappointed because I couldn't perform and do my exams and prove it to myself."

Others have benefitted from the last-minute changes.

Fellow student Tom Bush was awarded an A and two Bs but this will be upgraded to two As and a B, after ministers in Wales promised students' A-level result this year would be no lower than what they achieved at AS-level the previous year.

However, he says he still found the uncertainty leading up to results day "frustrating".

"I know things happen but we've had quite a long time to prepare for this and it seems to just have all gone up in the air a couple of days before."

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2020-08-13 15:24:44Z
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Coronavirus: England's contact tracing app trial gets under way - BBC News

A trial of the English coronavirus app is getting under way.

It will be limited to residents in the Isle of Wight, the London Borough of Newham and NHS volunteer responders to begin with.

The app will be available in Apple and Google's online stores, but users will need to enter a code to activate it.

The software will tell users to self-isolate for a fortnight if the app detects they have been close to someone else diagnosed with the virus.

Baroness Dido Harding - who heads up the wider Test and Trace initiative - had earlier voiced concern about implementing the automated contact-tracing feature because of fears many people who had been falsely flagged might be told to go into quarantine.

The app has several other functions, including:

  • An alert system that informs users of the coronavirus risk level close to their home, with the area defined by the first part of their postcode
  • A QR barcode scanner, so users can check in when they visit a venue and be told if others there later tested positive
  • A symptom-checking tool, which allows users to book a free test and get the results via the app
  • A countdown function that comes into effect if they are told to self-isolate, so users can keep track of how long to stay at home

It initially works in five languages, with plans to add more soon.

The contact-tracing element of the software is based on Google and Apple's privacy-centric system.

The developers acknowledge there are still issues with measuring the distance between handsets, meaning some people will be incorrectly logged as being at high risk.

Official social distancing guidance says that two people should not be within 2m (6.6ft) of each other for 15 minutes or more.

But when trying to detect this, lab tests indicate:

  • 31% of cases are missed when the handsets were within range
  • 45% of cases are incorrectly flagged when the two handsets were in fact further apart

However, if the boundary is set at 5m, the accuracy rates radically improve.

Then the handsets detect each other in more than 99% of all cases, regardless of whether iPhones or Android devices were involved.

This is not useful in practice, but indicates the flaw that caused the original NHS Covid-19 app to be cancelled has been solved. That product often failed to detect cases involving two iPhones because of restrictions imposed on third-party software by Apple.

The team behind the new app acknowledges more work needs to be done to reduce the number of false positives and false negatives that occur at 2m, but is optimistic they can achieve this.

Part of the problem at present is that Apple and Google refuse to share the raw Bluetooth signal data involved.

While the two show no signs of backing down, they will shortly release a new version of their tool that should improve matters.

This development has also been welcomed by those involved with Switzerland's SwissCovid app.

"While the updated Google/Apple exposure notification API [application programming interface] still aggregates and shuffles data for privacy reasons, it will expose more information needed by the app to compute exposure more precisely," explained Prof Mathias Payer from the EPFL university in Lausanne.

'Battle to persuade'

The pilot comes at time when clusters of people testing positive have led to local lockdowns, and major changes are being made to the way England's manual contact-tracing system is run.

Test and Trace officials say the motivation for the app is to give "maximum freedom at minimum risk", but acknowledge it is not a "silver bullet".

"By launching an app that supports our integrated localised approach to NHS Test and Trace, anyone with a smartphone will be able to find out if they are at risk of having caught the virus, quickly and easily order a test, and access the right guidance and advice," said Baroness Harding.

However, she is not yet ready to say when a national rollout could occur.

An academic who had served as an ethical advisor to the original scrapped app was positive about the fact that the trial was not limited to the Isle of Wight this time.

"This time it's a more diverse area - and not just one full of older white people - because it was clear that before very little could be gained from analysis of the demographics" said Prof Lillian Edwards.

But she added that the government still had a "battle to persuade people" to install the software.

"The evidence from Italy is that people aren't installing their Immuni contact-tracing app, but they might when the number of infections rises again."

Another public health expert was even more sceptical.

"Even if they have got it working, the app is unlikely to make a difference," said Prof Allyson Pollock from Newcastle University.

"The issue is not just the contact tracing but the ability to get people to isolate and quarantine. And that means financial support needs to be provided by the government."

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2020-08-13 14:56:54Z
52780993833865

Coronavirus: England's contact tracing app trial gets under way - BBC News

A trial of the English coronavirus app is getting under way.

It will be limited to residents in the Isle of Wight, the London Borough of Newham and NHS volunteer responders to begin with.

The app will be available in Apple and Google's online stores, but users will need to enter a code to activate it.

The software will tell users to self-isolate for a fortnight if the app detects they have been close to someone else diagnosed with the virus.

Baroness Dido Harding - who heads up the wider Test and Trace initiative - had earlier voiced concern about implementing the automated contact-tracing feature because of fears many people who had been falsely flagged might be told to go into quarantine.

The app has several other functions, including:

  • An alert system that informs users of the coronavirus risk level close to their home, with the area defined by the first part of their postcode
  • A QR barcode scanner, so users can check in when they visit a venue and be told if others there later tested positive
  • A symptom-checking tool, which allows users to book a free test and get the results via the app
  • A countdown function that comes into effect if they are told to self-isolate, so users can keep track of how long to stay at home

It initially works in five languages, with plans to add more soon.

The contact-tracing element of the software is based on Google and Apple's privacy-centric system.

The developers acknowledge there are still issues with measuring the distance between handsets, meaning some people will be incorrectly logged as being at high risk.

Official social distancing guidance says that two people should not be within 2m (6.6ft) of each other for 15 minutes or more.

But when trying to detect this, lab tests indicate:

  • 31% of cases are missed when the handsets were within range
  • 45% of cases are incorrectly flagged when the two handsets were in fact further apart

However, if the boundary is set at 5m, the accuracy rates radically improve.

Then the handsets detect each other in more than 99% of all cases, regardless of whether iPhones or Android devices were involved.

This is not useful in practice, but indicates the flaw that caused the original NHS Covid-19 app to be cancelled has been solved. That product often failed to detect cases involving two iPhones because of restrictions imposed on third-party software by Apple.

The team behind the new app acknowledges more work needs to be done to reduce the number of false positives and false negatives that occur at 2m, but is optimistic they can achieve this.

Part of the problem at present is that Apple and Google refuse to share the raw Bluetooth signal data involved.

While the two show no signs of backing down, they will shortly release a new version of their tool that should improve matters.

This development has also been welcomed by those involved with Switzerland's SwissCovid app.

"While the updated Google/Apple exposure notification API [application programming interface] still aggregates and shuffles data for privacy reasons, it will expose more information needed by the app to compute exposure more precisely," explained Prof Mathias Payer from the EPFL university in Lausanne.

'Battle to persuade'

The pilot comes at time when clusters of people testing positive have led to local lockdowns, and major changes are being made to the way England's manual contact-tracing system is run.

Test and Trace officials say the motivation for the app is to give "maximum freedom at minimum risk", but acknowledge it is not a "silver bullet".

"By launching an app that supports our integrated localised approach to NHS Test and Trace, anyone with a smartphone will be able to find out if they are at risk of having caught the virus, quickly and easily order a test, and access the right guidance and advice," said Baroness Harding.

However, she is not yet ready to say when a national rollout could occur.

An academic who had served as an ethical advisor to the original scrapped app was positive about the fact that the trial was not limited to the Isle of Wight this time.

"This time it's a more diverse area - and not just one full of older white people - because it was clear that before very little could be gained from analysis of the demographics" said Prof Lillian Edwards.

But she added that the government still had a "battle to persuade people" to install the software.

"The evidence from Italy is that people aren't installing their Immuni contact-tracing app, but they might when the number of infections rises again."

Another public health expert was even more sceptical.

"Even if they have got it working, the app is unlikely to make a difference," said Prof Allyson Pollock from Newcastle University.

"The issue is not just the contact tracing but the ability to get people to isolate and quarantine. And that means financial support needs to be provided by the government."

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2020-08-13 14:34:38Z
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Stonehaven crash: Train's driver Brett McCullough and conductor Donald Dinnie died in Aberdeenshire derailment - Sky News

The driver and conductor of a ScotRail train who died in yesterday's derailment in Aberdeenshire have been named.

Train driver Brett McCullough and conductor Donald Dinnie have been confirmed as two of the three victims of the fatal crash.

A passenger, who has not yet been named, also died in the incident, while six others were treated in hospital for minor injuries.

Conductor Donald Dinnie died in the derailment
Image: Conductor Donald Dinnie also died in the Stonehaven crash

On Wednesday, the 6.38am Aberdeen to Glasgow Queen Street service crashed near Stonehaven, an area that had been hit by heavy rain and flooding.

Emergency service workers were called to the scene at about 9.40am, with dozens of emergency service vehicles - including an air ambulance - attending.

Aerial shots showed one carriage completely overturned, with a landslip the suspected cause of the crash.

Kevin Lindsay, Scotland organiser for the train drivers' union Aslef, described how Mr McCullough "thought the world of his family, and his colleagues thought the world of him".

More from UK

The 45-year-old leaves behind wife Stephanie and three children, two girls and a boy.

The former gas engineer was said to have been servicing the boiler of an Aberdeen train driver when they started chatting about the job and Mr McCullough subsequently decided to join the railways.

Three people are confirmed dead after the derailment
Aerial footage of Stonehaven train derailment

Following the fatal derailment, Network Rail will carry out emergency inspections on higher-risk railway embankments as an immediate precaution.

The checks - which will also involve a helicopter survey - will take place on areas of railway track with earth cuttings that are similar to those at Stonehaven.

Network Rail chief executive Andrew Haines visited the crash site on Thursday after reportedly cutting short a family holiday in Italy.

"I arrived in mourning, as the whole rail industry is in mourning for the loss of a valued passenger and two dear respected colleagues," he said.

"Seeing the site only really draws out that sense of real concern for those who have suffered such a tragic loss.

"We have the best safety record in Europe and that is not something that is easily achieved.

"It has been through years and decades of safety improvements - but we weren't good enough yesterday."

Last month, Network Rail was warned about not keeping up with extreme weather events after an annual report noted a spike in landslips on Britain's railways, demonstrating the "vulnerability" of the network.

Mr Haines said: "We have very extensive dialogue with the Office of Road and Rail and that report was merely confirming the conversation that we had been having, because we are concerned about increasing landslips.

"We've had a very significant imporvement over the last 10 years or so, but this winter we've had the second-wettest winter on record and it's shown that climate change can actually have a real impact on safety."

Smoke billows from site of Aberdeenshire train derailment
Smoke billows from derailed train

UK Transport Secretary Grant Shapps and Scottish Transport Secretary Michael Matheson also visited the site on Thursday and met members of the emergency services.

Mr Shapps spoke to those police officers who first arrived on the scene, as well as viewing the "absolutely harrowing" scene of the crash from a helicopter.

"My heart goes out to the friends and family of all of those who have been involved," he said.

"This is a horrendous accident and we need to get to the bottom of exactly what happened."

Mr Shapps said the derailment "looks like it's probably related to a landslip of some form."

As well as the emergency checks on other lines, Mr Shapps revealed he had also ordered Network Rail to provide an interim report by 1 September on the wider resilience of the UK's rail network.

Mr Matheson told Sky News there was "no doubt that climate change and these types of intense weather events are having an impact on the transport network, which was not designed to deal with these types of incidents".

He highlighted how some parts of Scotland experienced a month's rainfall between Tuesday night and Wednesday morning,

The prime minister said his thoughts were with the families of those who had lost their lives and those who were injured
PM on 'shocking' train derailment

An ongoing investigation into the Stonehaven derailment is being directed by the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service (COPFS), who are working with a team of inspectors from the Rail Accident Investigation Branch and Office of Road and Rail.

Anyone worried about friends or family involved in the derailment is being urged to call the NHS Grampian helpline number on 01224 319519 for advice and support.

ScotRail has warned its network remains severely disrupted due to recent weather and the incident at Stonehaven.

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2020-08-13 13:30:00Z
52780993796361

Coronavirus: England's contact tracing app trial gets under way - BBC News

A trial of the English coronavirus app is getting under way.

It will be limited to residents in the Isle of Wight, the London Borough of Newham and NHS volunteer responders to begin with.

The app will be available in Apple and Google's online stores, but users will need to enter a code to activate it.

The software will tell users to self-isolate for a fortnight if the app detects they have been close to someone else diagnosed with the virus.

Baroness Dido Harding - who heads up the wider Test and Trace initiative - had earlier voiced concern about implementing the automated contact-tracing feature because of fears many people who had been falsely flagged might be told to go into quarantine.

The app has several other functions, including:

  • An alert system that informs users of the coronavirus risk level close to their home, with the area defined by the first part of their postcode
  • A QR barcode scanning facility, so users can check in when they visit a venue and be told if others there later tested positive
  • A symptom-checking tool, which allows users to book a free test and get the results via the app
  • A countdown function that comes into effect if they are told to self-isolate, so users can keep track of how long to stay at home

It initially works in five languages, with plans to add more soon.

The contact-tracing element of the software is based on Google and Apple's privacy-centric system.

The developers acknowledge there are still issues with measuring the distance between handsets, meaning some people will be incorrectly logged as being at high risk.

Official social distancing guidance says that two people should not be within 2m (6.6ft) of each other for 15 minutes or more.

But when trying to detect this, lab tests indicate:

  • 31% of cases are missed when the handsets were within range
  • 45% of cases are incorrectly flagged when the two handsets were in fact further apart

However, if the boundary is set at 5m, the accuracy rates radically improve.

Then the handsets detect each other in more than 99% of all cases, regardless of whether iPhones or Android devices were involved.

This is not useful in practice, but indicates the flaw that caused the original NHS Covid-19 app to be cancelled has been solved. That product often failed to detect cases involving two iPhones because of restrictions imposed on third-party software by Apple.

The team behind the new app acknowledges more work needs to be done to reduce the number of false positives and false negatives that occur at 2m, but is optimistic they can achieve this.

Part of the problem at present is that Apple and Google refuse to share the raw Bluetooth signal data involved.

While the two show no signs of backing down, they will shortly release a new version of their tool that should improve matters.

This development has also been welcomed by those involved with Switzerland's SwissCovid app.

"While the updated Google/Apple exposure notification API [application programming interface] still aggregates and shuffles data for privacy reasons, it will expose more information needed by the app to compute exposure more precisely," explained Prof Mathias Payer from the EPFL university in Lausanne.

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2020-08-13 13:20:48Z
CBMiLmh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJiYy5jby51ay9uZXdzL3RlY2hub2xvZ3ktNTM3NjUyNDDSATJodHRwczovL3d3dy5iYmMuY28udWsvbmV3cy9hbXAvdGVjaG5vbG9neS01Mzc2NTI0MA

Coronavirus: England's contact tracing app trial gets under way - BBC News

A trial of the English coronavirus app is getting under way.

It will be limited to residents in the Isle of Wight, the London Borough of Newham and NHS volunteer responders to begin with.

The app will be available in Apple and Google's online stores, but users will need to enter a code to activate it.

The software will tell users to self-isolate for a fortnight if the app detects they have been close to someone else diagnosed with the virus.

Baroness Dido Harding - who heads up the wider Test and Trace initiative - had earlier voiced concern about implementing the automated contact-tracing feature because of fears many people who had been falsely flagged might be told to go into quarantine.

The app has several other functions, including:

  • An alert system that informs users of the coronavirus risk level close to their home, with the area defined by the first part of their postcode
  • A QR barcode scanning facility, so users can check in when they visit a venue and be told if others there later tested positive
  • A symptom-checking tool, which allows users to book a free test and get the results via the app
  • A countdown function that comes into effect if they are told to self-isolate, so users can keep track of how long to stay at home

It initially works in five languages, with plans to add more soon.

The contact-tracing element of the software is based on Google and Apple's privacy-centric system.

The developers acknowledge there are still issues with the number of false positives. Handsets may incorrectly record that they were within 2m (6.6ft) of another phone running the app for 15 minutes or more when they were actually further apart. But the developers say they are still making efforts to reduce the error rate.

Part of the problem is that Apple and Google refuse to share the raw Bluetooth signal data involved. But the two firms will shortly release a new version of their tool that should improve matters.

More to follow

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2020-08-13 12:21:02Z
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A-Level results: These students were predicted to get As. Then their grades came in - Sky News

Many students have been left disappointed with the grades handed down to them after exams were cancelled due to the coronavirus pandemic.

A-level results were mostly based on teacher predictions, but were downgraded in nearly 40% of cases.

Here, students tell Sky News how the controversial grading method affected their results.

Holly Barber, 18, from Woodhouse Grove School, Bradford
Image: Holly Barber said 'the government have completely ruined a lot of kids' futures'

Holly Barber, 18, from Woodhouse Grove School, Bradford

Predicted grades: Maths - A, Physics - A, Geography - A

Actual grades: Maths - C, Physics - E, Geography - B

I feel a bit embarrassed that I've been wrongly graded for all my efforts at school.

I've spent two years trying to get the best results possible and this looks like I've not even tried at all at school. I feel it's completely unfair.

I went into school this morning and they told us they'd spent hours in meetings, going through everything carefully to get us the right grades.

So then to be dropped from a predicted A to an E in physics for no reason at all... it's just demoralising.

This will have a big impact on my future.

The government have completely ruined a lot of kids' futures.

Every single person I've talked to has been downgraded. I feel like we've been screwed over. I've messaged so many people in my year and they've all been screwed over.

Shakeel Sooki, a student at Bexleyheath Academy, south London, who got much worse grades than he was predicted.
Image: Shakeel Sooki got an A in his last two mocks

Shakeel Sooki, 18, Bexleyheath Academy, south London

Predicted grades: Biology - A, Chemistry - A, IT - Distinction

Actual grades: Biology - C, Chemistry - E, IT - Distinction

I feel a bit betrayed. My teachers did their upmost best to help me and gave me all the support possible to do all my work.

My mocks in Year 12 weren't particularly good, but with all the extra help, they were improving.

Literally, my last mocks in Chemistry and Biology before we broke up were two As, so I knew that before lockdown happened if I did the exams and kept up with the work I was doing I could easily get an A and meet my offers.

I still had some hope they would see my last mocks and take that into account. Unfortunately they haven't... I can do a lot better.

I don't feel like it's been handled particularly well - not a lot of information has come out, they just abruptly announced some changes because they saw how Scotland handled it and the backlash they received from the way they worked it out.

It seems that students this year have had to take a back seat.

Chloe Pearce, 18, from Northgate Sixth Form College, Ipswich. She was disappointed with downgrading of her A-Level results
Image: Chloe Pearce said the grade change impacts if she'll get a bursary

Chloe Pearce, 18, from Northgate Sixth Form College, Ipswich

Predicted grades: PE - A, Drama - A, Health and social care: Distinction star

Actual grades: PE - B, Drama - A, Health and social care: Distinction star

I was very frustrated and rather angry at the whole system, at how the whole thing worked out.

I had been looking forward results day, I thought: 'I've got these grades in the bag, there's no reason I should be downgraded because there's evidence enough from my mocks and my work throughout the year to show I deserve the grades.'

It's just been a bit of shock to the system, really.

My entire PE class had been downgraded. It's happened to everyone.

I know lots of people in my class had offers for Loughborough, and they needed an A in PE for that. They've all missed out on those offers because it seems the highest offer anyone has got in PE is a B.

It's an absolute shambles. There are a lot of really disappointed students.

I've got an unconditional offer at Suffolk, but this lower grades impacts on whether I can get a bursary. I'm really lucky I've got my uni place so I'm guaranteed that but the extra bursary would have really helped. It's going to be difficult."

Wiktoria Sniadowska, who got worse grades than she was predicted
Image: Wiktoria Sniadowska was planning to study fine art

Sky News also spoke to two students at Leyton Sixth Form College in east London.

Wiktoria Sniadowska says she was predicted by her teachers to get A, A, A and hoped to study fine art - but the algorithm gave her B, B, C.

And Shadman Siraz was hoping to get into King's College or Queen Mary University to study Economics. He was expecting A, A, A but ended up getting B, B, C.

Shadman Siraz, who got worse grades than he was predicted
Image: Shadman Siraz had all three grades moderated down

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2020-08-13 12:26:17Z
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